Add ActionState type and make some initial use of it

[mbg]

This PR extracts some changes from #3973 that add the new ActionState type. The ActionState type is indexed (at the type-level) over the types of state a corresponding value provides (essentially providing a primitive state effect system). Concretely, this allows:

• ActionState values can be propagated easily throughout the implementation.
• ActionState values can easily be mocked in tests.
• By moving from using global state to ActionState, we will be able to run more tests in parallel in the future.
• The type-level array of features allows functions to declare which state they require access to.
• TypeScript checks that against usage in the function body. I.e. if a function tries to access state that it hasn't declared, then that is a type error.
• Broader ActionState values can be passed to functions that require only a subset of features, but cannot use the features they don't declare.
• TypeScript doesn't check that the declared usage is minimal, i.e. that functions only declare the features they need, but that is OK for the moment.

This PR adds the new type and surrounding infrastructure. It also updates some parts of the codebase to make use of it, but the goal of this PR is by no means to refactor the entire codebase to make use of ActionState values. The main example uses in this PR are:

• A common runInActions wrapper to de-duplicate common code for the different Actions' entry points.
• Simplifying interface of getConfigFileInput following Add FF for configuration file repository property #3983 and making use of the new TestEnv framework for the corresponding tests.

Notes for reviewers

• For functions which don't pass on ActionState to other functions, I have deconstructed the objects with pattern-matching. This will go away more as we update more of the codebase to accept relevant ActionState values as inputs.
• I have thought about the semantics of the logger in TestEnv for a while, but am not sure I have reached a satisfactory conclusion there. It probably makes sense for each TestEnv object to have its own logger, so that they are isolated from each other if multiple tests are run, but this makes it more awkward to inspect the results (since we have to acquire a reference to the logger of the TestEnv we call passes on). This could probably be improved, but may be outside the scope of this PR.

Risk assessment

For internal use only. Please select the risk level of this change:

• Low risk: Changes are fully under feature flags, or have been fully tested and validated in pre-production environments and are highly observable, or are documentation or test only.

Which use cases does this change impact?

Workflow types:

• Advanced setup - Impacts users who have custom CodeQL workflows.
• Managed - Impacts users with dynamic workflows (Default Setup, Code Quality, ...).

Products:

• Code Scanning - The changes impact analyses when analysis-kinds: code-scanning.
• Code Quality - The changes impact analyses when analysis-kinds: code-quality.
• Other first-party - The changes impact other first-party analyses.
• Third-party analyses - The changes affect the upload-sarif action.

Environments:

• Dotcom - Impacts CodeQL workflows on github.com and/or GitHub Enterprise Cloud with Data Residency.
• GHES - Impacts CodeQL workflows on GitHub Enterprise Server.

How did/will you validate this change?

• Unit tests - I am depending on unit test coverage (i.e. tests in .test.ts files).
• End-to-end tests - I am depending on PR checks (i.e. tests in pr-checks).

If something goes wrong after this change is released, what are the mitigation and rollback strategies?

• Rollback - Change can only be disabled by rolling back the release or releasing a new version with a fix.

How will you know if something goes wrong after this change is released?

• Telemetry - I rely on existing telemetry or have made changes to the telemetry.
  • Dashboards - I will watch relevant dashboards for issues after the release. Consider whether this requires this change to be released at a particular time rather than as part of a regular release.
  • Alerts - New or existing monitors will trip if something goes wrong with this change.

Are there any special considerations for merging or releasing this change?

• No special considerations - This change can be merged at any time.

Merge / deployment checklist

• Confirm this change is backwards compatible with existing workflows.
• Consider adding a changelog entry for this change.
• Confirm the readme and docs have been updated if necessary.

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Pull request overview

This PR introduces a new ActionState type (a type-level “state feature” system) and begins adopting it across several action entry points to reduce reliance on global state and improve testability. It also refactors getConfigFileInput to take ActionState and updates unit tests to use a new TestEnv harness.

Changes:

• Add src/action-common.ts with ActionState/feature typing plus a shared runInActions wrapper for action entry points.
• Introduce an Env abstraction (src/environment.ts + getEnv in src/util.ts) and start using typed ActionsEnvVars in some places.
• Refactor getConfigFileInput to depend on ActionState (incl. feature flags) and update tests to use the new TestEnv helper.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
src/action-common.ts	Adds ActionState feature typing and runInActions wrapper used by multiple actions.
src/actions-util.ts	Introduces ActionsEnvVars enum and updates some env var reads to use it.
src/util.ts	Adds getEnv plus env var helpers that support dependency injection in tests.
src/environment.ts	Adds Env interface to abstract over process.env.
src/autobuild-action.ts	Converts wrapper to runInActions and injects logger via ActionState.
src/analyze-action.ts	Converts wrapper to runInActions and injects logger via ActionState.
src/init-action.ts	Converts wrapper to runInActions and passes ActionState into config file resolution.
src/setup-codeql-action.ts	Converts wrapper to runInActions and injects logger via ActionState.
src/upload-sarif-action.ts	Converts wrapper to runInActions and injects logger via ActionState.
src/config/file.ts	Refactors getConfigFileInput to accept ActionState and fetch the FF internally (async).
src/config/file.test.ts	Updates tests to use the new TestEnv/callee test harness.
src/testing-utils.ts	Adds TestEnv/callee, getTestEnv, and tightens default Actions env var typing.
src/api-client.ts	Uses ActionsEnvVars for some required env vars in API details creation.
lib/entry-points.js	Excluded (generated output); not reviewed per policy/instructions.

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